The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 Essay Example for Free

The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 Essay The law officially named, â€Å"The Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act†, was passed into law in 2002 in wake of the numerous corporate scandals that rocked our financial markets. One in particular was the Enron scandal, which before its collapse; Enron was thought of as one of the best companies in the United States. However, it failed to follow Generally Accepted Accounting Practices (GAAP) from as far back as 1997 through 2001. When the company suddenly collapsed in the latter part of 2001, it lost tens of billions of dollars of its shareholders money (Jickling 2003). The controls which were supposedly in place, neither internal nor external, did not uncover the financial masquerade. Because of the many corporate and accounting scandals to astonish the U. S. marketplace and its investor, shareholders organized and protested for tougher laws that required a greater degree of corporate accountability. The act is commonly referred to as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley, who were its main sponsors. SOX is intended to raise the bar for integrity and competence for publicly traded companies and also to promote a greater degree of accountability within these companies. The act changed corporate governance, including the responsibilities of directors and officers, the regulation of accounting firms that audit public companies, corporate reporting and enforcement. It is organized into eleven categories, called â€Å"titles†. The first being the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PACOB), second, Auditors Independence, then, Corporate Responsibility, Enhanced Financial Disclosures, Analyst Conflicts of Interest, Commission Resources and Accountability, Supporting Studies and Reports, Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability Document preservation (Whistle-Blower Protection), White-Collar crime penalty, Corporate Tax Returns and Corporate Fraud Accountability. Title I of the Act establishes the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). It is an independent, non-governmental board that oversees the audits of publicly traded companies. The purpose was designed to protect the interest of the investors and to promote public confidence and transparency in the independent audit process. The powers of the PCAOB are to register public accounting firms that prepare audit reports for issuers; establish auditing, quality control, ethics, independence and other standards relating to the preparation of audit reports; and conduct inspections, investigations and disciplinary proceedings of, and take enforcement action against, public accounting firms (Clearly 2003). Titles II of the act have nine sections. It sets the standard in which the auditors must remain independent to limit their conflicts of interest. Under these sections the auditors have stricter requirements of reporting, they must rotate jobs and they are not allowed to perform other services to the same company they are auditing. Also, as stated in Title I the auditing company must be registered with the PCAOB to perform acceptable audits. Title III of this act speaks to the individual responsibility of the corporate leaders. Management must certify that the financial statements do not contain any material omissions or untrue statements and those they represent fairly the financial condition of the company. And that all of the internal controls are and have been operating effectively prior to the issuance of the reports. Title IV relates most closely with the accountants and the auditing process. It details the new requirements of the financial reporting process and the certification of the effectiveness of the companys internal control process. Section 404 which requires management to assess the internal control procedures and to sign off on its effectiveness and that the procedures are being followed. Section 404 highlights the critical importance of controls related to the financial reporting function of management information systems by requiring a regular assessment of the quality of the financial reporting, because management uses this to manage operations, monitor performance, create forecast and report results to stakeholders (Peters 2012). Title V, VI and VII are designed to help build the publics confidence in the markets by promoting transparency and by providing criminal sanctions and monetary penalties to perpetrators. Title VII can be considered a reflection piece, as it looks to examine different factors and how they affect the markets. The SOX act in Title VIII obligates companies to provide a documented whistle-blower protection policy. It is a means to collect, retain and resolve claims regarding accounting, internal accounting controls and auditing matters. This system must allow for such concerns to be submitted anonymously. SOX provides protection to whistle-blowers and severe penalties to those who retaliate against them. Under this provision violators who destroy, alter, or falsify documents or retaliate against employees who report such going-on are subject to lengthy prison terms. Title IX, X and XI outline the increase penalties for white-collar crimes, such as mail and wire fraud; the requirement that the CEO is responsible for the accuracy and certifying the corporations tax return and other financial reports. The last section institutes guidelines for failure to comply as a criminal offense and gives the SEC the right to freeze monetary transactions if they suspect fraud. Before SOX, the financial world was basically governed by the Securities Laws of 1933 and the establishment of the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) in 1934. Corporations were only required to report the financial reports periodically to the public and the SEC. It was the publics responsibility to review the records and form an educated decision on the well-being of the company. The act also prohibited certain conduct such as insider trading and market manipulation. The exchanges, brokers, transfer agents were responsible for reporting any material changes in the holding of the companies to the SEC. However after the numerous financial scandals such as Enron, WorldCom, Adelphia to mention a few, in which the information presented to public, was fraudulent. They statements were misrepresented by millions and millions of dollars it was felt by the general public, investors and the federal government that there had to be stricter regulations to govern against such corporate behavior. SOX calls for greater accountability from everyone in charge. It implements rules and requirements from the top-down on accountability. CEO, CFO, directors must sign off on the reliability of the reports; auditors must maintain their independence and are prohibited from performing other services to the company they are auditing; managers and employees are responsible for the internal controls in their departments. And all these actions are punishable if not followed, as addressed in Title XI. Title XI provides authoritative powers for companies, its leaders, employees and/or auditors to be sued, sanctioned or criminally prosecuted if they are involved in any fraudulent behavior. It also provides the SEC the ability to seize funds and/or impose significant financial penalties for breaking the law. The most significant impact that SOX has had on the accounting world besides the increased criminal prosecution, is Section 404, which outlines the managements assessment of internal controls over financial reporting and the disclosure of such information. Internal control over financial reporting, is defined by Guy Lander, as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial officers and implemented by the companys board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance for the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The independent auditor must also attest to and report on the managements assessment of the effectiveness of the companys internal control over financial reporting. Each fiscal year, companies must select audit committees to perform the assessment of internal controls. In section 404, the auditing requirements have changed drastically. Integrated within the law is now a Code of Ethics which was not there prior to the SOX act. Everyone is now accountable and required by law to do the right thing. With the implementation of SOX, the spirit of the law is being enforced. God calls us to a higher standard. We are to perform our job to best of our ability and we should maintain our integrity. No law is higher than the laws given to us by God. Management is now required to know more about the system of internal control so that he/she can make an accurate account of its effectiveness. Management must also include a written document in their end of the year managers report to attest to the effectiveness of their internal control. CEO and CFO are required to certify that the financial reports are accurate and they must discuss with the audit committee any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control in the financial reporting process. The audit committee is required to attest to the integrity of the companys financial statements; the companys compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; the qualifications and independence of the independent auditor and the performance of the companys internal audit function and independent auditor (Cleary 2003). The independent auditor has an increased responsibility to verify the financial information of the company. The audit firm must attest to the reliability of managements statement on the effectiveness of their internal control procedures and processes. The SOX act requires increased communication between the auditor and the companys audit committee. They must communication at least quarterly to discuss management, accounting and/or auditing adjustments, any difficulties or disagreements encountered, or any auditors concerns over the quality of the companys accounting practices or principles (Cleary 2003). The cost of implementing the required changes associated with SOX, Section 404, Internal Controls has had a significant effect on most small business. Auditing firms increased their fees by an average of 40% to recoup fees associated with the loss of business because of the new guidelines requiring independence. The SOX guidelines limit services allowed by auditing firms to perform for companies they are auditing. Internal costs associated with compliance jumped 62% for companies. In 2007, the SEC formed a committee to determine the impact on smaller businesses. Their guidelines were business with revenue under $100 million. The impact of compliance with section 404 internal controls were 3. 5 cents for every dollar earned (Michelson 2008). According to a SOX research study by Lord ;amp; Benoit, the average costs of complying with section 404(a) management assessment for all non-accelerated filers included in the study were $53,724(ranging from as low as $15,000 to as high as $162,000. The range of audit fee increases was from as low as $7,500 to as high as $86,000). Krishnan 2008). Armed with this information the SEC decided to admen its reporting and disclosure requirements for small businesses. In February 2008, the SEC adopted the amendments and issued the Smaller Reporting Company Regulatory Relief and Simplification to provide assistance for smaller firms (Michelson 2008). Smaller companies have received multiple extensions to become fully compliant. It was stated that more than half of all small companies say SOX has made it more diff icult to do business. They have had to make cutbacks in other areas, such as marketing, research and personnel to offset the increase in costs. Also, two-thirds of the small businesses favor a different set of guidelines for smaller companies (Swartz, 2006). Another significant impact on small businesses is the increased turnover of its board members. The new guidelines that require increased independence and conflicts of interest make it more difficult for smaller companies who have higher managerial ownership. Executive directors of companies are less likely to appointed to boards. KPMGs Audit committee took a survey and found that directors were concerned with two very important issues, the first being accountability reform and their legal exposure and the second being how management is responding to Section 404 of SOX(KPMG 2004). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is hailed as the most dramatic change and far-reaching act in the financial market place since the SEC was formed. The SOX act is here to stay and it is long overdue. There have been lists of companies and their improprieties for decades and decades that cheated others out if their fair shares. People who in charge of a companys finances and they succumbed to the temptations of greed. As humans we are fallen creatures, we need stipulations in place to keep us in check. We need laws to govern our actions. The SOX act represents a change in corporate accountability and corporate governing. Although it is still changing and adapting to the environment it has had a significant impact on the way people act. It takes into account the Spirit of the Law and not just the letter of the Law. Corporate leaders are being held to a higher standard, which is a step in the right direction. References Bedard, J. G. (2011). Detection and SEverity Classifications of Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 Internal Control Deficienies. The Accounting Review , 825-855. Green, E. S. (2003). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act. New York: Aspen Publishers. Jickling, M. (2003). The Enron Collapse. CRS Report for Congress . Krishnan, J. R. (2008). Cost to comply with SOX Section 404. Auditing: Journal of Practice and Theory , 169-186. KPMG Audit Committee Institute (2004), Oversight of Auditors, Audit Committee Roundtable Highlights, Spring, KPMG Audit Committee Institute, Kansas City, p. 2. Lander, G. (2004). What is Sarbanes-Oxley? New York: McGraw-Hill. Michelson, S. S. (2009). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002: What impact has it on small business firms. Managerial Auditing Journal , 743-766. Peters, G. F. (2012). The Consequences of Information Technology Control Weaknesses on Management Information Systems. MIS Quarterly , 179-203. Spending on SOX. (2008). Journal of Accountancy , 90-93. Swartz, N. (2 008). SOX costs socks small firms. Information Management Journal , 14.

Use of Coincidence in Vonneguts Cats Cradle :: Vonnegut Cats Cradle

Use of Coincidence in Vonnegut's Cat's Cradle Most modern novelists avoid the use of coincidence as a plot device, and such use of coincidence is looked on as trite and cheap. This was not always the case, as novelists of yore, Charles Dickens is a great example, have been known to throw in a suspicious coincidence at the very climax of the book that ties up the plot nicely but leaves modern readers feeling betrayed and deceived. Perhaps due to more literate, sophisticated readers, or just the maturation of the novel form, writers no longer have the luxury of plot coincidence. Modern novelists have to navigate through their plot with well-crafted character motivations, understated if any foreshadowing, and logical rising action. In other words, the reader has to feel that they could have known what was coming next, even if they really had no clue. So why is Vonnegut exempt? In Cat's Cradle, most of the plot revolves around the character's coincidental meetings and odd bits of shared history. Can such a plot be credible? And why, as readers, do we let Vonnegut get away with this circus of manipulation? The most obvious reason that we let Vonnegut get away with it is because we are busy laughing. This is no coincidence. Vonnegut makes each coincidence so absurd that it's humorous. Instead of hiding the fact that a certain scene comes about as coincidence, he focuses on the coincidence, repeats it, creates another scene with it, whips us back around again, until the reader no longer thinks, "How convenient of all his characters to end up on the same plane." The reader instead starts guessing ahead, examining the details that might lead to more absurdity. Vonnegut also introduces a medium for coincidence early. If Vonnegut waits until the plot thickens, heavy in coincidence, to tell us about "Bokononism" and the inexplicable nature of a "karass", he would quickly lose credibility.

I run, every now and then when things in life get tough

It was a cool November night and there I was running through the smoky populous city of Chelmsford, rows upon rows of cars sped along the narrow concrete roads. Noise from the movement of cars and the odd occasional sound of a horn were to be heard. Among all this chaos and confusion there I was running, running as far away from my troubles as possible. My heart was pounding vigorously against my chest demanding more and more oxygen. Pain was accumulating in the lower part of my legs causing much agony. The only way that I could stop the pain was to stop running but I kept on running. I run, every now and then when things in life get tough. Every stride I take releases more stress and anger in my body. I was now panting, sweat gathered round my chest making my white cotton tee-shirt wet. I could now feel the force of the cool November air as I was making my way down hill. Maybe I shouldn't have lost my temper with my mum. I could remember the scene at home just fifteen minutes ago which made me very angry. † You've got three English essays to do and you are sitting here watching television!† I recall my mum saying. She just came home from a twelve hour shift from the hospital; physically and emotionally she was very exhausted – it's a stressful job being a doctor. Then she found me in the living room watching television – usually she doesn't say anything about that, but when I have three pieces of coursework due, she gets angry. † You have got to take some responsibility of your own,† I recall her uttering. I can still remember her brown weary eyes looking at me and the expression on her face represented someone who was tired and disappointed. Disappointed to find her only child watching television at a time when he really should be catching up with work – to be honest I don't blame her for getting angry. â€Å"Just trust me,† I remember my self pleading, † You know I will do it.† † When will u do it!†, I think my mum said, † I know when you'll do it, you'll do it at the very last minute, you'll stay up till about two o clock in the morning doing it and this will affect the quality of your essays!.† It was getting colder – maybe I should have worn something more instead of my plain white tee-shirt and my rugby shorts. I turned the bend smoothly and now was going through the final two mile stretch. This is usually the hardest part of the race. It depends on the amount of will power I have. This is the stage where the pain intensifies to such an extent that I could hardly feel my shoulders and legs. The only thing that keeps me going is my raw determination, my anger, my will power. â€Å"Mum, God damn it leave me alone!† I remember shouting when she told me to do my work. â€Å"Just go and mind your own business.† I regretted the fact that I shouted. The expression on her face turned to one of utter surprise and disbelief. Her face reddened with anger, â€Å"Why do you think I work so hard?† I remember her saying. â€Å"It's so that you get a chance in life to get educated and make something of your self!† She explained. â€Å"You don't know how hard life is, it's a harsh world out there, if you do not get educated you will probably end up doing a low- paid unskilled labour work, do u want that? This is when I got angry. I hate it when she says that she works just for me! This is when I got upstairs, changed into my training gear and went running! Sweat was dripping from my nose; my breathing was gradually getting heavier, as I ran on the cemented pavement. I was tired, my vision was getting more and more blurry, and all I could see was the headlights of cars as they drove opposite me. There are two different characters in me when I run, one says: â€Å"Come on you fool, what do you want to be a mediocre or the best?, Run, run, and never stop.† I have no trainer to give me encouragement during the hardest part of the race; therefore I have to provide encouragement myself. The other character says: â€Å"Why are your running fool! Why are you going through so much hardship when you could be sitting at home watching television?† There is a constant battle between my two characters when I run. Sometimes my negative character wins and I stop running but in most cases my positive character wins and I finish my race. Just three hundred yards left; this is the part in the race when I increase my speed to such an extent that I loose all my senses in my legs – they go completely numb. The only thing which could keep me going is my determination, my will to succeed and not be a failure. Another two hundred yards; â€Å"Keep running!† I shouted to myself, â€Å"No pain! No pain!† I kept instructing my self – in fact the only thing I could feel was pain. One hundred more yards left: â€Å"You've done it! Come on!† Finally I finished my run -I was outside my house and I was heavily breathing and sweating. Throughout the whole race all I suffered was pain and anguish- there was times when I thought I was going to stop. However I endeavoured to accomplish the goal I had set for myself. Now all I could feel was complete satisfaction. Maybe, if I set the same attitude towards school work and if I finish tasks in time I would be feeling the same level of satisfaction as I am feeling now. I looked up and saw my mother standing in front of me. â€Å"Released all your anger have you?† she asked with a smile on her face. â€Å"Yes, I'm calm now!† I replied. â€Å"Come on then, I'll make you a cup of tea and then you can get started on your essays!† It's bizarre how the whole atmosphere changes after a four mile run.

Poverty Is Not A Country Exclusive Issue - 1164 Words

Poverty, what is it? Poverty cannot be defined by just one definition. Poverty is a serious worldwide issue that is affecting all of our lives in the world. In Fact,Did you know nearly half of the world’s population, more than three billion people, live on less than two dollars and fifty cents a day. Just think, If you were given that same budget could you survive? Would you be able to live the same lifestyle that you do? The answer is most likely no and this is a mind blowing statistic. Statics like these are real eye openers, because they make you think and appreciate just how lucky we are not be living in poverty such as other countries that are rather called, Third world countries. Poverty is not a country exclusive issue, and like†¦show more content†¦Then these people more often will get sick and eventually die. Another huge issue of poverty is lack of education. Without a proper education, the poor will stay in poverty . This happens because without a proper education most employers will ignore the application to the job,because of the lack of knowledge that you may have. More commonly, people with a higher education receive more job opportunities. A 2003 study sponsored by the National Center for Children in Poverty found that in families whose income falls below 200 percent of the Federal Poverty Line children score far below average on reading, math and general knowledge tests. A lack of education perpetuates poverty and breaking this cycle is key to overcoming persistent poverty in the world. That being said, in order for us to eliminate poverty we need to get our students into better education system and take action for our students to learn so the cycle can end. Last but most definitely not least, issue that causes poverty is divorce. Single Parents who have to raise children on their own have a harder time and less resources than a couple who is still married. Typically divorcing or separating mothers are 2.83 times more likely to be in poverty than those who remain married. This being said the parent that usually ends up with custody of the child see a huge drop in their income, which is usually around 52% drop. Consequently , divorce can easily lead to povertyShow MoreRelatedPoverty Is The State Of Being Extremely Poor1618 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty is generally regarded as the state of being extremely poor. While this is true, this state can only be judged as a relation to a given social or economic state. In light of this, a better way to define poverty would be; the state of one who lacks a usual or socially acceptable amount of money or material possessions (Merriam-Webster). Poverty has many faces, changing from place to place and across time, and has been described in many ways. Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. PovertyRead MoreWhich Do You Think Would Help The Citizens Of The WorldS Poorest Nations More, Increasing Foreign Aid Or Removing All The Agricultural Tariffs And Subsidies?1069 Words   |  4 Pageswould help them more. Heres why, in researching global poverty one can come across startling statistics, e.g. almost half the people in the world live on less than $2.50 a day (Shah, 2011), 1 out of every 2 children live in poverty (Shah, 2010); speaking of children, 1 child will die every 4 seconds due to poverty, easily preventable diseases and illnesses, and other related causes (Shah, 2010), the GDP of the 41 Heavily Indebted Poor Countries is less than the wealth of the worlds 7 richest combinedRead MoreNike Case Study899 Words   |  4 Pagesimproved teamwork and interaction within and across work groups. Location The Company is headquartered near Beaverton, Oregon, in the Portland metropolitan area. Nike has been criticized for contracting with factories (known as Nike sweatshops) in countries such as China, Vietnam, Indonesia and Mexico. Vietnam Labor Watch, an activist group, has documented that factories contracted by Nike have violated minimum wage and overtime laws in Vietnam as late as 1996, although Nike claims that this practiceRead MoreChild Poverty in New Zealand1119 Words   |  5 PagesChild poverty is a major and complex issue that New Zealand faces today. The degree is far more severe than the publics perception and it is a problem that we cannot afford to ignore. A combination of factors contributes to child poverty, from individual causes at the micro level to the macro collective government involvement. This occurs partly due to social construction and it is potentially avoidable. The consequences can impact on both individual and to a great extent affect significantly onRea d MoreThe Hiv / Aids Epidemic1072 Words   |  5 PagesAs an upper-middle income country with high spending on healthcare, South Africa has been performing poorly on certain health indicators (as seen in Table 1), with their biggest issue being in the fight against HIV/AIDS (Country and Lending Groups, n.d.). They have one of the highest prevalence rates of HIV/AIDS in the world at 19.1%, and the incidence of new cases is increasing steadily (Milan, 2014; CIA, n.d.). To combat this growing problem President Jacob Zuma launched the largest HIV CounselingRead MoreProgrammed Vs Non Programmed Decision1087 Words   |  5 PagesProgrammed VS Non-programmed Decision The legislative process represented a fair mix of programmed and non-programmed part. The process of draft formation was non-programmed, as any new issue had to be raised by one of the components of the union but the steps for the process couldn’t be generalized across the issues. There had been an attempt to bring a certain degree of certainty into the system by making the acceptance of council and parliamentary appeals binding on the commission. Opposed to thisRead MoreImmigration in Pap Khouma’s Novel, I Was an Elephant Salesman738 Words   |  3 Pagesto day and traveling from country to country selling small ivory things to Europeans to make money. Paschal lives a really tough life in the book having to fight off thieves and hide from police on an almost seemingly daily basis, but in the end I think Paschal is able to look back on his life and feel some since of accomplishment that he would have achieved if he had stayed in Senegal. The textbook covers some very key aspects to the reasons why many poor countries either continue to stay poorRead MoreAmerican Charity Organizations : America s Stand Point On The Ordeal1290 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"We are a country that prides itself on power and wealth, yet there are millions of children who go hungry every day.† When people think of world issues, many do not consider America’s stand point on the ordeal. They are unable to fully comprehend the growing lack of jobs, poverty, hunger, poor health care, and meager education that takes place across the nation. American charity foundations are often eager to jump to the rescue of other countries, but what about the detrimental issues that occurRead MoreAmerica s Stand Point On The Ordeal1565 Words   |  7 Pagesonce said, â€Å"We are a country that prides itself on power and wealth, yet there are millions of children who go hungry every day† (Johnson, p.38). When people think of world issues, many do not consider America’s stand point on the ordeal. They are unable to fully comprehend the growing lack of jobs, poverty, hunger, poor health care, and meager education that takes place across the nation. American charity foundations are often eager to jump to the rescue of other countries, but what about the detrimentalRead MoreProblems Faced by Brazil and South Africa1296 Words   |  5 Pagesprovide opportunities for college enrollment and governmental payrolls to black Brazilians. Consequently, the country has been forced to discuss the issue of racial divisions after several decades of showing the world that its free for racism. Though the nations elite have stated that Brazil is not a racist country, the social indicator shows that exclusion is prevalent within the country. These initiatives have marked a dramatic transformation in the nation with more than 90 million black people

Essay about Characters in The Glass Menagerie - 612 Words

Characters in The Glass Menagerie Of the three main characters in Tennessee Williams’s ‘The Glass Menagerie’ Amanda is set to appear as the most dominant and in control. As the mother of the family unit the audience expects her to hold some kind of responsibility over her children as well as providing for them. The idea of the sense of duty she has for Tom and Laura’s future still remains even when the audience discover that the person financially supporting the Wingfields is actually Tom. Amanda Wingfield is in many ways like most parents. She only wants what she thinks is best for her children. In the ‘Glass Menagerie’ this can be a strength and a weakness. Amanda believes that gentlemen callers will be chasing after Laura†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬â€œ gentlemen callers!† When Amanda visits the Business College and finds out that Laura has quit, another strength is revealed. She tells Laura not to let her disability hold her back. Although her diction is not appropriate in inspiring Laura her intentions were ultimately for the betterment of Laura’s future showing strength as a parent. She forbids the word ‘cripple’ to be used in the house and this shows another Amanda weakness that she will not accept fact and would rather resort to her dreams. Amanda reveals that she is not always living in a dream world during the business college incident as she focuses on her dependence on Laura to succeed in life and to thus take care of her. â€Å"What are we going to do, what is going to become of us, what is the future?† Amanda constantly favours Laura over Tom. This is a devastating weakness which eventually drives Tom and thus the breadwinner out of the house. She constantly criticises Tom over every small thing he does and does not approve of his love for the movies. â€Å"It’s you that makes me rush through meals with your hawk-like attention to every bite I take.† Eventually in an ironic statement Amanda pushes Tom over the edge by accusing him of living in a dream world. â€Å"You live in a dream, you manufacture illusions!† It could be argued though that Amanda’s criticism is more a way of making sure that Tom does not follow the same path that his fatherShow MoreRelatedCharacter Analysis Of The Glass Menagerie1463 Words   |  6 Pagesto his play, The Glass Menagerie as a â€Å"Memory Play.† The play is narrated in perspective of the character, Tom Wingfield, his memory of living in an apartment with his overbearing mother, Amanda, and his shy sister Laura. Tom is an aspiring poet who is forced to work in a shoe warehouse to support his sister Laura and his mother Amanda. His sister Laura is a shy girl with a limp as a result of pleurosis attack as a teenager, who needs to be constantly taken care of as her glass figurines. His motherRead MoreRole of the Characters in The Glass Menagerie Essay653 Words   |  3 PagesRole of the Characters in The Glass Menagerie All of the characters in The Glass Menagerie have specific symbols in the play representing themselves. Some of the symbols for Tom are the Merchant Marine and the magician’s nailed coffin, while Amanda’s are the yellow dress and her membership to the Daughters of the American Revolution and some of Laura’s are the unicorn and blue roses. Tennessee Williams play has a simple face but the meanings behind the countless and increasingly complexRead MoreEssay on The Complex Character of Amanda in The Glass Menagerie2008 Words   |  9 PagesThe Complex Character of Amanda in The Glass Menagerie    Amanda Wingfield in The Glass Menagerie furnishes an excellent example of a carefully crafted, complex character whose speech and action arise from the psychological being created by the playwright. In his character description, Tennessee Williams starts his reader on the road to discovering Amandas complexity. AMANDA WINGFIELD the mother. A little woman of great but confused vitality clinging frantically to another timeRead More The Glass Menagerie: Existentialist Responsibilities Conveyed Through the Character Tom1655 Words   |  7 PagesThe story of a young Tennessee Williams is poetically portrayed through a 1945 Broadway Play, The Glass Menagerie. The main character, Tom Wingfield, lives in his family’s apartment with his mother, Amanda Wingfield, and sister, Laura Wingfield. Their father left the family, and he remains a silent character appearing as a portrait on the apartment wall. Throughout the seven scenes, the immaturity of each family member is revealed. In search of adventure, Tom has dreams of being a writer andRead MoreThe Father As The Most Important Character In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams744 Words   |  3 PagesThe Father As The Most Important Character In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams the father is not a proper character, he is instead, portrayed by a larger-than-life-size photograph over the mantel in the Wingfield household. Even though he is not a real character, he still has an influence on the other characters in the play because of the actions he had taken in the past. He is mentioned very little in the play yet Read MoreThe Concincing Character Develpoment in Nora Helmer of A Doll’s House and Laura Wingfield of The Glass Menagerie 757 Words   |  4 Pagesillustrate their characters in their plays. Although characters Nora Helmer of A Doll’s House and Laura Wingfield of The Glass Menagerie are incredibly different, the authors used very similar techniques of creating them as convincing characters. Nora and Laura both undergo convincing character development with specific motivations behind their actions. Williams and Ibsen also use direct and indirect characterization to further develop Nora and Laura. Without such qualities, the characters would fall shortRead MoreEssay on Glass Menagerie722 Words   |  3 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Glass Menagerie, by Tennessee Williams contained well-characterized characters. The quot;Dead Poetamp;#8217;s Societyquot; also contained a great set of characters that were similar to those in The Glass Menagerie. It is fair to say that the characters of The Glass Menagerie and the characters of quot;Dead Poetamp;#8217;s Societyquot; are more similar than different. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Both stories had no main characters; therefore it was easy to distinguishRead MoreIllusion Vs. Reality In The Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams1022 Words   |  5 Pagesillusions on someone. In The Glass Menagerie Tennessee Williams uses metaphors, the fire escape, and Laura’s glass menagerie to emphasize how the characters retreat to their world of illusion to escape from reality. Williams uses Laura’s glass menagerie to exemplify how the characters retreat into their private world of illusion. Because of Laura’s defects, she feels as if others do not accept her. She makes a world of illusion to escape from reality. Her glass menagerie represents this kind of worldRead MoreThe Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams1547 Words   |  7 PagesThe Glass Menagerie, by Tennessee Williams, is a play narrated by Tom Wingfield, one of the three main characters in the play. The story is based on Tom’s memories of his past life while living with his mother Amanda and sister, Laura, during 1937 in St. Louis. These memories are skewed because of his inability to escape from his feelings of entrapment and the abandonment from his sister. The title suggest that the characters are a hodgepodge of fragile, sensitive, opposite people striving toRead MoreThe Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams985 Words   |  4 Pageshardly catch it going. ¨ This quo te by the author of The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams, describes both The Glass Menagerie, a memory play, and the life of Tennessee Williams himself, for whom memories played a large role in his life. Within the play, many parallels can be drawn between the life of Williams and the life of Tom, the main character, such as a disdain for factory work. In addition, several characters in The Glass Menagerie have a difficult time fitting into the roles that their

Devry University s Strategy And Culture - 1011 Words

COMPANY BACKGROUND DeVry University is part of DeVry Education Group (DVG) and has been around since 1931, when the Institution of higher education first opened its doors. DeVry University, for more than 80 years has focused on providing hands-on education by preparing students to be innovative, keep up with the needs of the market, and to be a part of making a difference in the world. There are roughly 10,062 DeVry University employees ranging from Instructors, Professors, Student Finance Advisors, Admissions Advisors, Career Service Advisors, Registrars, Deans, Campus Presidents and many other positions to assist in the overall operations of the Institution. â€Å"The mission of DeVry University is to foster student learning through†¦show more content†¦DeVry University prides themselves on offering excellent, state of the art educational experiences to their students, which enable them to meet both their career and educational goals and prepare them for careers in their field of study (DEV RY UNIVERSITY MISSION AND PURPOSES, n.d.). OUR DEFINITION OF STRATEGIC STAFFING DeVry University continually changes its business and staffing processes to integrate Institutional mission and goals with long-term strategies in order to meet the market need and demand. DeVry University will constantly keep a constant eye on market trends and identifying educational changes that may be necessary in order to continue to strive for excellence in the classroom. By DeVry University integrating their mission and goals with their strategies, it will allow them to remain a competitive and profitable higher education institution. In order to remain the world’s most extraordinary learning organization, it is imperative that DeVry implement strategic staffing which includes recruiting, hiring, maintaining and retaining quality employees in order to meet current and future business plans and goals, while demonstrating the culture of CARE. This strategic process will require constant monitoring in order to ensure that business and s tudent needs are being met at all times. Human Resource aspects of DeVry University is one of its largest assets due to the substantial investment it takes to recruit, hire, train, and retain qualityShow MoreRelatedEvolution of Strategy at Procter Gamble573 Words   |  3 PagesGlobal Issues in Business Week 5 Case Analysis DeVry University Federal Way, Washington Summary In the case study â€Å",† it discusses the history of Procter Gamble’s foreign business strategy and some of the problems they incurred along the way. It also covers some of their business strategy changes the company introduced in order to become more profitable in a changing world economy along with a more globalized less restrictive trade and business environment. It’sRead MoreMgmt 303 Wk2 Quiz797 Words   |  4 PagesManagement 303 – Week 2 Quiz Cindy Abbott DeVry University 1.  (TCO 2) List at least FOUR sources you will use to obtain information about the firm’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Discuss what categories of the SWOT elements of information are readily available on the Internet. What categories of data are difficult or impossible to find on the Internet? (When using the Internet, be sure to provide specific websites or URLs.) NOTE: You cannot use Wikipedia or another typeRead MoreOutline for Health Information Mgmt Essay1109 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Information Management Coll148 April 7, 2013 Michael Dufresne DeVry University I. Introduction A. To be a good leader you need the desire, willpower and then go through the never ending process of training, education and learning from experience.(Clark 2004) B. Lauren Thompson-Director of Federal Health Architecture at Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology C. Brief introduction of the leader you have chosen- The leader I chose is Lauren ThompsonRead MoreProfessional Portfolio Essay2195 Words   |  9 Pages30-second Commercial 5 Degree Plan 6 DeVry Course Descriptions 7 Class History 8 Resume 10 Letters of Reference 12 References 14 Work Examples 15 Statement of Authenticity I, Jennifer Weiland, hereby certify that I have compiled and written the attached portfolio documenting my experience without assistance from anyone except those individuals who provided letters of reference and the course descriptions taken from the DeVry University Academic Catalog (2012–2013 Volume XXX, URead MoreThe Aurora Scheme Run By Leadership Foundation For Higher Education3997 Words   |  16 PagesHigher Education (LFHE), which is a women only leadership development initiative that includes a mentoring element. The scheme, currently in its second year, is targeted at up to senior lecturer level or professional services equivalent working in a university, college or related organisation who would like to develop and explore issues relating to leadership roles and responsibilities (LFHE 2015). Aurora is a national programme which uses a combination of large cross-institutional workshops run by LFHERead MoreSocial Construction of Childhood Essay1286 Words   |  6 Pages1. Introduction Social constructionism gives meaning to phenomenon in social context and connections between culture and society build up realities in their circumstances. The studies of this idea have been conducted more than thirty years by a number of North American, British and continental writers (Burr, 1995). However, in childhood studies this notion appears later on. It is mostly held universally, childhood is a stage that biologically existing in human life in early years. It should be consideredRead MoreEvaluation Of The Burke Litwin Modification Model1748 Words   |  7 Pages Diagnosis of Change Sarath Mulleti DeVry University Feb-06-2015. Change Diagnostic Model The Burke-Litwin modification model strives to usher in modification within the performance of a team or a corporation by establishing links between performance and also the internal and external factors that have an effect on performance. This modification this alteration this modification this variation this transformation} model relies on assessing the structure furthermore as environmentalRead MoreCango Operations3288 Words   |  14 Pagesleave them in the shopping carts. According to Whitney from CanGo, she stated that the statistics there are over 75% customers who will select a product, place it in the virtual shopping cart and walk away because they cannot afford the product (DeVry, 2011). With that percentage being that high CanGo will have to come up with a marketing solution that will get the customers to purchase the products instead of putting them in the virtual shopping cart and with very little intention to purchaseRead MoreDepression Among International Missionar ies4937 Words   |  20 PagesRunning Head: DEPRESSION AMONG MISSIONARIES Depression Among International Missionaries Jonathan E. Sullivan Liberty University Abstract Missionaries have a unique calling accompanied by unique challenges over the course of their service. As these individuals and families face these challenges, depression can be an enemy that hinders and even stops the good work they perform. While most of the time a professional counselor can be seen in the United States to help with depression, a therapist

Ikea Marketing Plan free essay sample

With its unique combination of form, function and affordability, IKEA distinguished itself from other furniture retailers. With its success in Europe, IKEA entered the American market with the hope of continuing its success. Even if it was not very successful initially, it improved through its market research and advertisements, Nowadays, IKEA captured major market share in the US market and also the reputation of being the fastest-growing furniture retailer in the US. Ikea is a company which produce and sells home products, accessories, bathroom and kitchens for people all over the world. The firm was founded in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad in Sweden and nowadays is controlled by the family Kamprad. The name is an acronym that comes from the initials of the founder (I. K) and the initials of the farm where he grew up and his home country (Elmtaryd and Agunnaryd -Sweden-) Ikea has 238 stores in 34 countries with 104000 workers in 44 different countries. We will write a custom essay sample on Ikea Marketing Plan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The headquarter is in Helsingborg, Sweden. In Spain there are many stores distributed as in the following picture from http://globalizacion-y-economia. blogspot. com : It is leader in the sector of furniture and it is one of the most prestigious and innovative company in the world; Ikea has the largest market share of the sector but it has to be in constant vigilance and innovate to continue being the leader. In its starts, Ikea sold pens, wallets jewellery†¦ but in 1948 the company started to sell furnitures. From 1948 to 1953 it only sells his products by catalogue with low prices and, in order to compete, they decide to open his first store in Almhult (Sweden). At these times, competitors tried to boicot Ikea putting pressure on distributors to finish their contracts with the company and even excluding Ikea of trade fairs to put it out of the market; competitor didn? t get what they wanted and is for this reason that Ikea started to design his own furnitures (Vertical Integration) and since that moment, the sales have increase rapidly as we can observe in the following graph from http://globalizacion-y-economia. blogspot. com : Actually they sell their products in all the world, especially in Europe as we can observe in the follow graphic from http://globalizacion-y-economia. logspot. com : Studying the regions in which Ikea obtains the major incomes for sales we can check in the follow graphic that the country in which Ikea sells the most is Germany, follow of the United States, France and United Kingdom: Source: http://globalizacion-y-economia. blogspot. com Age20-45 Income levelMedium Education levelAll GenderBoth (70% female) Profession All Geographical locationWorldwide Marital statusSingles, married, widowed†¦ The target market for Ikea are people who are looking for functional furnitures with a good design and cheap prices. Target market comprises those just starting out who are in need of relatively cheap, sturdy furniture. ?Young family ?College student ?Single people ?Target markets preferences, the furniture needs to be strong enough to survive frequent moves and young, active children. His product market is specially furniture market but also carpets, kitchen and bathroom accessories†¦Ikea produces furnitures with modern and utilitarian design; also with and environmental design. As demographic market, Ikea is focused especially in young people and in young families because of the modern and cheap design of their products. To study geographical market, Ikea, as we studied before, is in many countries around the world. The marketsplace of the company is Internet where you can observe the catalogues, the different shops around the world, the tendencies of the designs†¦ The strategy they follow is to realize the people have a need and from this, they try to converse this need in a want (with promotion, modern design†¦